. net configuration configuration

Time：2020-11-29

. net configuration configuration

Dotnet configuration source code:https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/tree/master/src/librariesIn which Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration Opening item

Official configuration document:

. 5 net environment:

Nuget package:Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration

Memory configuration

IConfigurationRoot configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    //Add memory configuration
    .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
    {
        ["KeyName1"] = "KeyValue1"
    })
    .Build();

///Get configuration
Console.WriteLine(configuration["KeyName1"]); // KeyValue1

File configuration

Nuget package:

  • Json：Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json
  • Ini：Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Ini
  • Xml：Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Xml

Suppose there are three documents in the project as follows:

a. JSON file

{
  "Key": "KeyValue",
  "Person": {
    "Name": "MyName",
    "Age": 10
  }
}

a. XML file

KeyValue
    
        MyName
        10

a. INI file

Key = KeyValue

[Person]
Name = My Name
Age = 10
//JSON file configuration
IConfiguration jsonConfiguration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    . addjsonfile ("a.json") // add JSON file configuration
    .Build();
Console.WriteLine(jsonConfiguration["Key"]); // KeyValue
//Use ':' to separate 'parent section' and 'child section'
Console.WriteLine(jsonConfiguration["Person:Name"]); // MyName
Console.WriteLine(jsonConfiguration["Person:Age"]); // 10

//XML file configuration
IConfiguration xmlConfiguration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    . addxmlfile ("a.xml") // add XML file configuration
    .Build();
Console.WriteLine(xmlConfiguration["Key"]); // KeyValue
Console.WriteLine(xmlConfiguration["Person:Name"]); // MyName
Console.WriteLine(xmlConfiguration["Person:Age"]); // 10

//INI file configuration
IConfiguration iniConfiguration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    . addinifile ("a.ini") // add INI file configuration
    .Build();
Console.WriteLine(iniConfiguration["Key"]); // KeyValue
Console.WriteLine(iniConfiguration["Person:Name"]); // MyName
Console.WriteLine(iniConfiguration["Person:Age"]); // 10

Optional file configuration

The default configuration file is not optional. The file must exist, otherwise an exception will be thrown. Set the second parameter to make the configuration file optional

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddJsonFile("a. optional.json ", true / * optional profile * /)
    .Build();

Reload configuration when file content changes

By default, the configuration will not be reloaded when the file content changes. By setting the third parameter, the configuration will be reloaded when the file content changes

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddJsonFile("a.json", false, true)
    .Build();
do
{
    Console.WriteLine(configuration["Key"]);
    var consoleKeyInfo = Console.ReadKey();
    if (consoleKeyInfo.Key == ConsoleKey.Q)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Quit");
        break;
    }
} while (true);

Hierarchical configuration

The configuration is divided into “layers”. The parent section and the child section are separated by “:”

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
    {
        ["KeyName1:SubKey:SubKey2"] = "SubKeyValue",
        ["KeyName1:SubKey"] = "SubKeyValue2",
        ["keyname1: subkey"] = "overridesubkeyvalue" // override
    })
    .Build();

Console.WriteLine(configuration["KeyNaKeyName1:SubKey:SubKey2me1"]); // SubKeyValue
Console.WriteLine(configuration["KeyNaKeyName1:SubKey"]); // OverrideSubKeyValue

When there is the same key, the later value will override the previous value. For example, the key in the upper instance is keyname1: the value of subkey is overridden

IConfigurationSection

The iconfigurationsection interface inherits the child iconfiguration and adds the following attributes

  • Key: key name
  • Path: complete path
  • Value: value

Iconfiguration:: getsection get section

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
    {
        ["KeyName1"] = "KeyValue1",
        ["KeyName1:SubKey1"] = "SubKeyValue1",
        ["KeyName1:SubKey2"] = "SubKeyValue2",
        ["KeyName1:SubKey3:A"] = "A",
    }).Build();
//Gets the specified subsection
IConfiguration section = configuration.GetSection("KeyName1");
Console.WriteLine(JsonSerializer.Serialize(section));
// {"Key":"KeyName1","Path":"KeyName1","Value":"KeyValue1"}

//Get sub section in
Console.WriteLine(section["SubKey1"]); // SubKeyValue1

One moreGetRequiredSectionMethods, andGetSectionThe only difference is that an exception is thrown when the configuration section to get does not exist

Iconfigurationsection:: exist determines whether a section exists

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
    {
        ["KeyName1"] = "KeyValue1
    }).Build();
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetSection("ABC").Exist()); // False
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetSection("KeyName1").Exist()); // True

Iconfiguration:: getchildren get all child sections

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
    {
        ["KeyName1"] = "KeyValue1",
        ["KeyName1:SubKey1"] = "SubKeyValue1",
        ["KeyName1:SubKey2"] = "SubKeyValue2",
        ["KeyName1:SubKey3:A"] = "A",
    }).Build();

//Get all sub sections
IEnumerable sections = configuration.GetSection("KeyName1").GetChildren();
Console.WriteLine(JsonSerializer.Serialize(sections));
/*
[
{"Key":"SubKey1","Path":"KeyName1:SubKey1","Value":"SubKeyValue1"},
{"Key":"SubKey2","Path":"KeyName1:SubKey2","Value":"SubKeyValue2"},
{"Key":"SubKey3","Path":"KeyName1:SubKey3","Value":null}
]
*/

//Get all sub sections
var sections2 = configuration.GetSection("KeyName1:SubKey3").GetChildren();
Console.WriteLine(JsonSerializer.Serialize(sections2));
/*
[
{"Key":"A","Path":"KeyName1:SubKey3:A","Value":"A"}
]
*/

Configuration chain

Add existing configurations to the configuration and link them together

IConfiguration configuration1 = new ConfigurationBuilder()
   .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
   {
      ["A"] = "A Value"
   })
   .Build();
IConfiguration configuration2 = new ConfigurationBuilder()
   .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
   {
      ["B"] = "B Value"
   })
   .Build();
IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
   .AddConfiguration(configuration1)
   .AddConfiguration(configuration2)
   .Build();
Console.WriteLine($"A:{configuration["A"]}");
Console.WriteLine($"B:{configuration["B"]}");

Connection string

In Asp.Net The configuration of connection string is almost essential. An extension method of configuration is specially defined to obtain the connection string

Connect string toConnectionStringsFather’s Day

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
   .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
   {
      ["ConnectionStrings:Default"] = "Default ConnectingString",
      ["ConnectionStrings:SqlServer"] = "SqlServer ConnectingString",
      ["ConnectionStrings:PostgreSql"] = "PostgreSql ConnectingString",
   })
   .Build();
Console.WriteLine($"Default ConnectionString:{configuration.GetConnectionString("Default")}");
Console.WriteLine($"Default SqlServer:{configuration.GetConnectionString("SqlServer")}");
Console.WriteLine($"Default PostgreSql:{configuration.GetConnectionString("PostgreSql")}");

Configure binding

Nuget package: Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration .Binder

Binding a configuration to an object instance is similar to deserializing the configuration to an object

class ConfigurationModel2
{
   public string A { get; set; }
   public string B { get; set; }
   private string C { get; set; }
   public string GetC()
   {
       return C;
   }
}
IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
   .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
   {
      ["MyBind:A"] = "A Value",
      ["MyBind:B"] = "B Value",
      ["MyBind:C"] = "C Value",
   })
   .Build();
var myBind = new ConfigurationModel2
{
   A = "A Ini Value",
   B = "B Ini Value",
};
configuration.GetSection("MyBind").Bind(myBind);
Console.WriteLine(myBind.A); // A Value
Console.WriteLine(myBind.B); // B Value
Console.WriteLine ( myBind.GetC ()); // null, it will not be bound to non public properties by default

Specify key when Binding

var myBind2 = new ConfigurationModel2();
configuration.Bind("MyBind", myBind2);
Console.WriteLine(myBind2.A); // A Value
Console.WriteLine(myBind2.B); // B Value
Console.WriteLine(myBind2.GetC()); // Null

Binding non public properties

var myBind3 = new ConfigurationModel2();
configuration.GetSection ("MyBind").Bind(myBind3, bindOption => {  bindOption.BindNonPublicProperties  =True; // sets the binding non public attribute});
Console.WriteLine(myBind3.A); // A Value
Console.WriteLine(myBind3.B); // B Value
Console.WriteLine(myBind3.GetC()); // C Value

GetValue, gets the value of the specified key and converts it to the specified type

Supported types include: int, uint, short, USHORT, long, ulong, bool, byte, sbyte, char, decimal, double, float, datetime, DateTimeOffset, timespan, URI, and guid

Instance (instance type and data from official test code)

IConfigurationRoot configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
    {
        ["int"] = "2147483647",
        ["uint"] = "4294967295",
        ["short"] = "32767",
        ["ushort"] = "65535",
        ["long"] = "-9223372036854775808",
        ["ulong"] = "18446744073709551615",
        ["bool"] = "trUE",
        ["byte"] = "255",
        ["sbyte"] = "127",
        ["char"] = "\uffff",
        ["decimal"] = "79228162514264337593543950335",
        ["double"] = "1.79769e+308",
        ["float"] = "3.40282347E+38",
        ["DateTime"] = "2015-12-24T07:34:42-5:00",
        ["DateTimeOffset"] = "12/24/2015 13:44:55 +4",
        ["TimeSpan"] = "99.22:22:22.1234567",
        ["Uri"] = "http://www.bing.com",
        ["Guid"] = "CA761232-ED42-11CE-BACD-00AA0057B223",
    }).Build();


Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("int")); // 2147483647
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("uint")); // 4294967295
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("short")); // 32767
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("ushort")); // 65535
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("long")); // -9223372036854775808
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("ulong")); // 18446744073709551615
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("bool")); // True
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("byte")); // 255
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("sbyte")); // 127
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("char")); // �
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("decimal")); // 79228162514264337593543950335
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("double")); // 1.79769E+308
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("float")); // 3.4028235E+38
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("DateTime")); // 12/24/2015 8:34:42 PM
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("DateTimeOffset")); // 12/24/2015 1:44:55 PM +04:00
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("TimeSpan")); // 99.22:22:22.1234567
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("Uri")); // http://www.bing.com/
Console.WriteLine(configuration.GetValue("Guid")); // ca761232-ed42-11ce-bacd-00aa0057b223

GetValue provides a default value

Console.WriteLine ( configuration.GetValue ("INT2", - 1 / * default * /));

Get(), binding configuration to the specified type

supportGetValueSupports all types, supports binding arrays

class ConfigurationModel
{
    public int Int { get; set; }
    public float Float { get; set; }
    public Uri Uri { get; set; }
    public Guid Guid { get; set; }
    public string[] Strings { get; set; }
}
class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        IConfigurationRoot configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            .AddInMemoryCollection(new Dictionary
            {
                ["int"] = "2147483647",
                ["float"] = "3.40282347E+38",
                ["Uri"] = "http://www.bing.com",
                ["Guid"] = "CA761232-ED42-11CE-BACD-00AA0057B223",
                ["Strings:0"] = "Value 0",
                ["Strings:1"] = "Value 1",
                ["Strings:2"] = "Value 2"
            }).Build();
        ConfigurationModel model = configuration.Get();
        Console.WriteLine(JsonSerializer.Serialize(model));
        /*
        {
          "Int": 2147483647,
          "Float": 3.4028235E+38,
          "Uri": "http://www.bing.com",
          "Guid": "ca761232-ed42-11ce-bacd-00aa0057b223"
          "Strings": [
          	"Value 0",
          	"Value 1",
          	"Value 2"
           ]
        }
        */
    }
}

Command line configuration

Set the command line parameter arrayargsAdd to configuration

Nuget package: Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration .CommandLine

The following forms of command line configuration are supported:

  • Parameters and values pass through=division
  • Parameter usage/Prefixes, parameters and values are passed through=Or space segmentation
  • Parameter usage--Prefixes, parameters and values are passed through=Or space segmentation

Values can be quoted in double or single quotation marks. For example, when a value contains special characters (such as spaces), double or single quotation marks must be used

example:

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        IConfigurationRoot configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            . addcommandline (args) // add configuration from command line
            .Build();
        Console.WriteLine($"args：{String.Join(',', args)}");
        Console.WriteLine(configuration["a"]);
        Console.WriteLine(configuration["b"]);
        Console.WriteLine(configuration["c"]);
        Console.WriteLine(configuration["d"]);
        Console.WriteLine(configuration["e"]);
        Console.WriteLine(configuration["f"]);
        Console.WriteLine(configuration["g"]);
    }
}

Operation procedure:

dotnet run -- a=av b="b v" /c cv /d=dv --e=ev --f fv  -g gv

The output is as follows

args：a=av,b=b v,/c,cv,/d=dv,--e=ev,--f,fv,-g,gv
av
b v
cv
dv
ev
fv

Exchange mapping to realize alias and short name of command line configuration

Suppose you have the following command line configuration

  • Name: name
  • n: The short name of name
  • File: file
  • OutputFile: alias of file
  • f: The short name of the file

The dictionary key for an exchange map must start with ‘-‘ or ‘-‘

  • -: represents a short name
  • –: indicates an alias

example:

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        IDictionary switchMappings = new Dictionary
        {
            ["-n"] = "name",
            ["-f"] = "file",
            ["--outputFile"] = "file",
        };
        IConfigurationRoot configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            .AddCommandLine(args, switchMappings)
            .Build();
        Console.WriteLine($"args：{String.Join(',', args)}");
        Console.WriteLine($"name：{configuration["name"]}");
        Console.WriteLine($"file：{configuration["file"]}");
    }
}

UserSecret

Add user key, etc. to configuration

Nuget package: Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration .UserSecrets

Introduction to usersecret

Save the password and other configuration in the computer’ssecrets.jsonIn the document, not in the project file

secrets.jsonfile location

  • Windows：%APPDATA%\Microsoft\UserSecrets\\secrets.json
  • Linux、macOS：~/.microsoft/usersecrets//secrets.json

In this way, you can have different configuration information on different computers

Use usersecret to configure

Before using the usersecret configuration, you need to specify the usersecretid, which is in the form of a guid

secrets.jsonThe folder name of the file isUserSecretId

Specify usersecretid in the project configuration

Run command:dotnet user-secrets init

After running, it will be automatically in the project configuration file.csprojGenerated inUserSecretsId

Then pass in the assembly of the project in the parameter

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddUserSecrets( Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly ()) // add user key days to configuration
    .Build();
Console.WriteLine($"test-key:{configuration["my-key"]}");

Specify the usersecretid directly in the parameter

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddUserSecrets("8B348FF5-ED73-41B7-8769-1CEF70421DEC") 
    .Build();
Console.WriteLine($"test-key:{configuration["my-key"]}");

AddUserSecretsAndAddJsonIt also loads the file configuration, so there areOptional configuration parametersandReload configuration fileParameters of

Use of usersecret tool

The user secrets tool has the following commands

  • Init: initialization, set a usersecretid for the project to enable key configuration
  • Clear: clear the project key configuration
  • Set: set the key configuration
    • dotnet user-secrets set my-key value
  • Remove: remove key configuration
    • dotnet user-secrets remove my-key
  • List: View key configuration

Environment variable configuration

Add environment variable information to configuration

Nuget package: Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration .EnvironmentVariables

example:

IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    . addenvironmentvariables() // add environment variable information to configuration
    .Build();
Console.WriteLine($"path:{configuration["PATH"]}");

Environment variable prefix

You can specify an environment variable prefix, and only the environment variables with this prefix will be loaded

example:

Suppose you have the following environment variables

  • MyPrefix_A：A Value
  • MyPrefix_B：B Value
  • MyPrefix2_A2：A Value 2
  • MyPrefix2_B2：B Value 2
IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
    .AddEnvironmentVariables("MyPrefix_")
    .AddEnvironmentVariables("MyPrefix2_")
    .Build();
Console.WriteLine($"path:{configuration["A"]}"); // A Value
Console.WriteLine($"path:{configuration["B"]}"); // B Value
Console.WriteLine($"path:{configuration["A2"]}"); // A Value 2
Console.WriteLine($"path:{configuration["A2"]}"); // B Value 2
Tags: , , , ,

Recommended Today

Regular expression sharing for checking primes

This regular expression is shown as follows: Regular expressions for checking prime numbers or not To use this positive regular expression, you need to convert the natural number into multiple 1 strings. For example, 2 should be written as “11”, 3 should be written as “111”, 17 should be written as “11111111111”. This kind of […]